•Per annual data sharing agreement with the DAHP.

•A weight of 1 requires a permit condition with notice to the DAHP and affected Indian tribes.

o The condition requires the applicant to complete an archaeological survey using professional archaeological services, per RZC 21.30.070, Archaeological Sites and Resources and per WAC 25-48-020(4).

o Permit applicants shall be advised to contact the DAHP directly to obtain a required cultural resources management plan and letter of concurrence to be submitted to the COR application project manager.

2 = High probability, the COR shall obtain the recommended cultural resources management approach from the DAHP and affected Indian tribes, permits shall be conditioned per recommendations:

•Per King County Probability Model.

•A weight of 2 requires the COR’s consultation with the DAHP and affected Indian tribes to obtain recommended cultural resources management activities.

•The recommended cultural resources management activities shall be provided as conditions to the respective permit.

3 = Low probability, Inadvertent Discovery Plan to be provided with permit approvals:

•Per King County Probability Model.

•A weight of 3 requires distribution of the COR Standard Inadvertent Discovery Plan. (Ord. 2982)

•Work exempt per the following within the Redmond Municipal Code (RMC):

•Local undertakings presumed to have no or minimal potential to disturb native soil.

•Interior residential remodel and commercial tenant improvement permits within the foundation of the existing structure, pier, or footing.

•Operation, maintenance, repair, modification, minor addition to, or replacement of existing structures, infrastructure improvements, utilities, public or private roads, dikes, levees, or draining systems — provided the activity does not further alter or increase impacts to native soil.

o Operation and maintenance include vegetation management performed in accordance with best management practices; provided that such management actions are part of regular and ongoing maintenance and do not further alter or increase impacts to native soil.

o The following activities generally create or increase impacts to native soil:

•Encroachments within a known archaeological site; and

•Additional encroachments into an area having high probability of cultural resources including significant addition or expansion of a structure or utility.

•Emergencies as defined within the Redmond Municipal Code.

•Statutory exemptions per Chapter 43.21C RCW – State Environmental Policy. (Ord. 2982)

•The COR directly manages resources on city-owned property such as the structures at Redmond City Park (Anderson Park) that are listed on the NRHP.

•The COR uses its financial resources to enhance the quality of life by developing infrastructure and investing in parks and other community resources. Many of these projects result in construction and development that have potential to impact cultural resources located on city land or in/or adjacent to roads and utility rights-of-way.

•The COR also reviews and decides on permit applications for projects and other activities by developers or property owners that have the potential to impact cultural resources such as tree removals and utility trenching.

In these roles, the COR is currently using many of the best management practices for protecting cultural resources including commissioning its own surveys, proactively designating important resources as CORLs, and requiring developers to survey properties with a high potential of containing archaeological materials.

The following standards relate to management of the cultural resources within the COR. These recommendations are based upon the COR’s existing goals, code, and policies. They are regulated/authorized by the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation. The standards are widely used by agencies throughout the United States and are currently used by the COR in maintaining structures it owns and in approving COAs for changes to CORLs.

The standards for management vary by resource type and the most important preservation considerations for those resource types.

•The greatest potential for damaging archaeological resources comes from ground disturbance.

•The majority of the COR’s historic landmarks are considered historic structures. Historic structures benefit from the retention of their original architectural features but minimizing changes to the setting from new development is also important.

•Retaining the natural setting and the spatial relationships between the landscape and structures are important for protecting cultural landscapes.

•Minimizing disturbance of the natural environment helps protect traditional cultural places by creating an atmosphere suitable for performance and observation of spiritual practices and where traditional resources (bark and wood, berries, roots, and salmon) are available.

The management standards also reflect the multiple roles the COR plays in protecting cultural resources. Although the COR can include conditions relating to identifying archaeological and historic structures in its permit applications, some of the standards will be most applicable to projects on City property or constructed using City funds.

Cultural Resources Management Standards

The COR recognizes the management standards developed at the Federal and state level. The CRMP is developed to complete the following:

•Ensure COR’s compliance with state and federal laws.

•Recognize the importance of cultural resources to members of the public and Indian tribes.

•Recognize the responsibilities of Indian tribes and agencies to manage and protect cultural resources.

•Identify, preserve, and protect NRHP, WHR, and CORL resources.

•Coordinate with partner agencies.

•If preservation and protection of NRHP, WHR, and CORL resources is impossible, mitigate the adverse effects upon such resources.

•Provide for public interpretation and education regarding the cultural resources in the COR.

•Partner with other entities and members of the public in acting as a cultural resources steward.

•Provide tools and resources to assist owners and developers in protecting and managing resources located on their properties and work sites.

•Provide tools and resources for COR staff to ensure their knowledge of cultural resources protection and management techniques.

Archaeological Resources¹

These are resources that document and symbolize the social and cultural patterns of prehistoric and historic societies. Archaeological resources are generally, but not necessarily, buried below the surface. Examples include isolated artifacts, remnants of building foundations, and campsites. COR has many recorded archaeological resources. Consistent with state and federal laws and regulations, management standards for implementation regarding the protection and management of archaeological resources include:

•Protect resources consistent with state and federal regulations.

•Avoid disturbance to archaeological sites.

•Maintain records of archaeological sites and cultural resources surveys within the COR boundaries.

•Safeguard the confidentiality of archaeological sites.

•Protect known archaeological sites from vandalism.

•If avoidance of impacts to archaeological sites is not possible, conduct data recovery.

•Develop and require the use of an inadvertent discovery plan (IDP) for COR and private development projects.

•Provide training to COR staff and community members to identify and protect archaeological resources.

•Require surveys and/or monitoring in areas with high probability of containing archaeological resources and at known archaeological sites.

•Arrange for and/or require the curation of archaeological resources that cannot be left in-situ.

Historic Structures Including Landmarked Structures and Structures Over 50 Years of Age

Redmond’s historic preservation program recognizes historic structures that have been designated as landmarked properties in agreement with the respective property owner. The Comprehensive Plan and Zoning Code provide the policies and regulations that direct the long-term maintenance and reuse of these properties, structures, and contributing elements consistent with the U.S. Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties.

Historic Structures over 50 Years of Age and Not Landmarked

At the time of application for proposed modification or redevelopment of historic structures, the COR assesses the respective property.

•The COR consults with the DAHP to consider the effects of the proposed activities on historic structures and in some cases, also the property.

•The COR provides the modification or redevelopment proposal to the DAHP and affected Indian Tribes for review regarding site-specific requests such as the property owner’s or developer’s use of DAHP’s non-professional EZ-forms for providing additional documentation or the need for a qualified professional in the completion of a HPI form.

For properties that have a significant amount of remaining intact integrity of workmanship or other elements that support a property possibly being eligible for listing on a national or local register, the COR works with property owners at the owner’s discretion:

•To interpret the possible eligibility; and

•To inform them of opportunities such as landmark designation, property tax benefits, and other preservation support programs.

The COR also maintains an HPI in consideration of these standards and in support of the NHPA. Proactive survey of historic resources can enhance community awareness of resources and can provide predictability in addition to cost and time savings for property owners and developers in advance of proposed structural modifications and redevelopment.

Traditional Cultural Property/ Places

Traditional Cultural Properties are NRHP-eligible or listed districts, sites, buildings, structures or objects whose significance is derived from the role the property plays in a community’s historically rooted beliefs, customs, and practices. For example, a location associated with the traditional beliefs of a Native American group about its origins, its cultural history, or the nature of the world.

•Coordinate and consult with the Snoqualmie Tribe, the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, the Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians, and the Tulalip Tribes about the identification and treatment of TCPs and areas of cultural significance.

•Coordinate and consult with other Indian tribes including the Yakama, Duwamish, and Suquamish who have a traditional interest in the Redmond area about impacts from projects on places of tribal significance.

•Maintain regular communication with other affected Indian Tribes in the area to identify areas of cultural significance.

•Treatment may include identification of time periods when audible or visible impact should be restricted.

•Recognize that the natural setting, including the existing flora and fauna, contribute to the significance and integrity of many TCPs. When TCPs are identified, avoid altering natural features located within their boundaries or that are visible or audible from within the boundaries.

Cultural Landscapes

Cultural landscapes are settings humans have created in the natural world. They reflect the ties between people and the land. Examples include farmsteads, ranches, formal gardens, funerary, military sites, commerce sites, and pilgrimage routes to village squares.

•Conduct studies to identify potential cultural landscapes in the COR.

•Treatment may include retaining the spatial arrangements between natural features and designed/built features such as structures and grazing areas.

Cultural Resources Management Structure and Responsibility

The responsibility implementing the CRMP is primarily with the Executive, Parks, Planning, and Public Works departments. Staff in these departments have the responsibility of working City of Redmond CRMP collaboratively to ensure the CRMP is used to comply with federal, state, and local regulations. The CRMP is maintained by the Planning department, including policies in the Comprehensive Plan and regulations and standards within the RZC, with significant guidance and participation from the other key departments.

Specific management standards:

RZC 21.30.070 Archaeological Sites, RZC Appendix 9. Cultural Resources Management Procedures, and corresponding operations procedures address specific project management standards.

•Consider potential for impacts to cultural resources early in project approval and budget process for Capital Improvement Program (CIP) projects.

•Proactively review projects for potential impacts to cultural resources.

•Implement early review of projects by the COR.

•Require cultural resources surveys, based on recommended requirements from DAHP and affected Indian tribes in areas with a moderate or high probability of containing cultural resources.

•Facilitate early review and comment on potential impacts from projects and the results of cultural resources surveys by the affected Indian tribes and DAHP.

•Implement inspections for private development and COR projects to verify monitoring and other provisions to protect resources approved by DAHP or recommended in the cultural resources report are in place and maintained as necessary for the duration of construction.

•Communicate planned maintenance work and other long-range planning actions with consulting parties.

•Notify affected Indian tribes of annual comprehensive plan docket.

•Inform consulting parties immediately of inadvertent discoveries and impacts to cultural resources.

•Project description explains project and potential impacts.

•Quality of research sources.

•Survey adequately covers locations of potential impacts.

•Recommendations for National Register of Historic Places eligibility and effects to resources identified meet National Park Service and DAHP standards.

•Adequate supporting documentation (maps and photographs, historic property inventory forms, isolate forms, archaeological site forms).

•Construction Division Capital Project Managers, CIP Functional Leads, and Parks and Natural Resource Division Maintenance leads will attend the state’s training on cultural resources or a program with similar content.

•Key staff managing public and private projects that affect Redmond’s land will attend the Cultural Resources Protection Summit or similar training opportunity to better understand tribal concerns and best management practices relating to cultural resources.

•COR will develop and maintain a staff attendance schedule for additional training and seminars.

Cultural Resources Surveys for Private Development

The COR currently issues land use development permits for projects proposed by private property owners and developers.

•The COR Project Manager receives applications for proposed private development.

•The Project Manager, with review and recommendations for requirements from DAHP and affected Indian tribes, shall require surveys for projects based on site conditions including the probability for locating cultural resources in the project’s area of potential effects.

•The extent of the survey will depend on the anticipated level of ground disturbing activities or other work that has the potential to impact cultural resources.

Specific management standards:

•Establish on-call relationships with qualified archaeological consultants who can facilitate the process of determining if a survey is required when DAHP is overloaded, when the Project Manager is uncertain, or if the developer is questioning the need for a cultural resources survey.

•Consult with DAHP and the affected Indian tribes to establish specific survey requirements for individual projects in high probability areas.

•Develop list of activities, such as deck construction or limited paving, requiring permits where cultural resources review is not required.

Affected Indian Tribes, Agency and Community Consultation

Projects in the COR impact many individuals and groups who have a wide variety of perspectives on the best approach to cultural resources management. These groups and individuals provide input to the COR through a variety of programs and processes.

The signatories to the MOA including DAHP, USACE, KCHPP, and the Washington Department of Transportation (WSDOT) will continue to be important partners for reviewing potential impacts to cultural resources.

•The COR will continue to maintain communication with these groups as well as the Indian tribes who were signatories to the MOA including Snoqualmie Tribe, Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians, and Tulalip Tribes.

•The COR will also continue to seek input from other Indian tribes who may have used the area as well as private developers, residents, and business owners on the effectiveness of the CRMP and for some, but not all, projects requiring permits or approval by the City.

The COR may also participate as a consulting party on projects where another agency is the lead. For these projects the COR will follow that agency’s designated consultation process.

•For example, if Sound Transit is developing a rail station in the COR boundaries, the COR will likely be invited to participate as a consulting party under Section 106 of the NHPA. The FTA will be lead federal agency and may delegate some of its consulting responsibilities to Sound Transit. The COR will provide input and participate in processes as invited by Sound Transit/FTA.

During the private development application process, the COR shall reach out to the following for input on the cultural resources management approach including whether a survey should be required for private or COR developed project.

•DAHP

•Snoqualmie Tribe

•Muckleshoot Indian Tribe

•Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians

•Tulalip Tribes

•Through the SEPA process additional parties including other affected Indian tribes will be contacted for their feedback on projects.

The Natural Resources Division, Transportation Planning and Engineering Division, and the Parks and Recreation Planning and Administration Division also conduct outreach to affected Indian tribes and agencies for their work.

•This outreach will be coordinated to ensure consistency of procedures and requirements.

Specific management standards:

•Continue to hold regular meetings with MOA signatories.

•Coordinate consultation and outreach.

•Develop a list of projects that are exempt from consultation.

•Provide the list of exempt work to consulting parties.

Information Management

The COR maintains a variety of information on cultural resources within its boundary including information on the designations for CORLs, historic maps and archival materials, and reports on cultural resources for COR funded and private development projects.

Cultural resources reports are considered confidential and the information in the reports will be held in secure locations with limited access. Permissions and maintenance for confidential documents are discussed in more detail in the Secure Document Management protocol.

•Distribution of information relating to archaeological sites contained in the cultural resources reports will be limited to cultural resources professionals meeting the appropriate qualifications, the owner of the parcel, and consulting agencies and tribes.

•Periodically the COR receives requests for information from members of the public on resources within the boundary. Under RCW 42.56.300, information on archaeological sites is exempt from public disclosure. The COR may distribute redacted copies of reports to members of the public or direct property owners to DAHP to obtain details of archaeological and cultural resources on their property.

Certain COR staff have access to the WISAARD system and are able to locate information in this system on previously recorded cultural resources.

•The COR uses GIS-based tools including software for permit review. These tools have limited information on previously recorded historic structures in the city and do not directly provide the age of existing structures on the corresponding parcel.

•Staff who are more familiar with cultural resource requirements use the King County IMAP system to determine the building’s date of original construction.

•The COR also uses maps and information on streams, utilities, etc. as well as IMAP and WISAARD to locate information on areas with a high probability of containing archaeological sites.

The COR and DAHP entered into an agreement to share data relating to archaeological and other cultural resources.

•This information is used in the GIS-based Cultural Resources Management Map tool developed as part of this project.

•The COR staff will use the GIS-based Cultural Resources Management Map tool with layers for identifying areas with a high potential for archaeological and cultural resources.

•The Cultural Resources Management Map tool will be available to staff who complete the appropriate CRMP training for data security.

Specific management standards:

•Maintain and update as needed the data-sharing agreement with DAHP to obtain and provide information on cultural resources within the COR boundary.

•Maintain information related to archaeological sites and areas sensitive to the affected Indian tribes on secure servers within the COR with limited access.

•Mark correspondence relating to archaeological sites and investigations confidential.

•Redact information from cultural resources reports prior to public distribution.

•Implement training on the Cultural Resources Management Map tool.

•Make regular updates to the Cultural Resources Management Map tool

•Continue to reach out to the affected Indian tribes to share information and where appropriate, incorporate into the Cultural Resources Management Map tool.

Curation

The context and setting of a resource is important to its preservation.

•Whenever possible, cultural resources identified in the COR boundaries shall be left in-situ.

•If artifacts are identified as part of a project, curation is discussed with the appropriate affected Indian tribe and local historical societies.

•For private development projects, the developer will continue to be responsible for any required curation. Curation of historic artifacts is a decision made during discovery and site analysis when the archaeologist, DAHP, and others can evaluate the significance of the site, the quality of the artifacts in relationship to the site, and the value of the artifacts for further study.

•Curation will be determined on a case by case basis with DAHP and the affected tribes based upon the significance of the site and the resources.

•If the site is not determined eligible for the NRHP or WHR, curation is typically not required.

Specific management standards:

•The City will enter into a curation agreement (s) with a repository or repositories, such as a Tribally-owned repository and/or the Burke Museum, which meets the standard of 36 CFR 79, for curation of materials other than human remains. The COR will discuss this issue with the signatories to the MOA and select an appropriate repository based upon their input and the availability of repositories to receive materials.

•The curation agreement should be available for all COR projects. In the event that a project will require curation of a large collection, the COR may wish to establish an agreement for that individual project.

•The City will work with local historical groups and other applicable groups to identify locations to display or store historic period artifacts that may not warrant curation at the Burke or other repositories.

•The City will include conditions on permits and special provisions in contractor specifications that, when appropriate, require the developer to follow the IDP and provide materials to a repository meeting the standard of 36 Code of Federal Regulations 79.

•The City’s curation agreement and any contractor provisions should allow developers or individual property owners to curate artifacts under the COR agreement. In such cases, the costs of curation and artifact preparations will be the responsibility of the developer.

Public Education and Interpretation

The COR has an active program of education related to cultural resources.

•The website provides information on the history of the area and known cultural resources. The COR sponsors programs on Redmond’s history throughout the year including events for Archaeology Month and Historic Preservation Month.

•Area parks have interpretive signs and information on historic structures and other cultural resources located in the park.

The Bear Creek discovery and resulting agreement led to a collaboration with the affected Indian tribes to incorporate artwork at the Bear Creek site and develop educational material on local cultural resources for use in the schools.

•The COR plans to continue to create and sponsor periodic public education and interpretation programs for the benefit of the community.

Specific management standards:

•Coordinate with the affected Indian tribes to plan and sponsor community and educational programs.

•Highlight the artistic traditions of the affected Indian tribes by commissioning works for display at COR properties.

•Work with Eastside Historical Society and the Redmond Historical Society to sponsor programs.

•Use COR properties with historic structures as venues for city activities to highlight Redmond’s heritage.

•Collaborate with the Arts & Culture Commission, Landmark Commission, developers and COR project managers to commission works or otherwise encourage use of the 1% for Arts Program, Arts Program Activity Fund and other funds for artistic projects that incorporate themes relating to the history and heritage of the Redmond area including the art and traditions of Native culture.

¹ Historic period sites are afforded the same protections under NHPA and Washington State law as prehistoric sites. Decisions about the eligibility and treatment of historic archeological sites must be made by a professional archaeologist, DAHP, and the affected tribes. (Ord. 2982; Ord. 3028)

•Internal review of criteria requiring cultural resources survey, training protocols consulting parties, Tribal contacts and other data will be conducted annually for the first three years following the adoption of the CRMP.

•After three years COR will coordinate with DAHP and the affected Indian tribes to establish the frequency of reviews for the CRMP.

CRMP Qualitative Review

The CRMP provides COR with the tools to effectively plan for and consider cultural resources in its project planning and permitting processes and is designed to be regularly updated and refined.

•Review of the CRMP and associated tools and policies is intended to assess the effectiveness and implementation of the plan, including evaluation of the utility of existing management, and the identification of management/protocol gaps.

•Qualitative review of the core cultural resources policies and procedures will be undertaken in consultation with affected Indian tribes and DAHP every three years.

This review will rely partly on changes to statutes, regulations and policies and partly on the results, comments, and reporting of protocol implementation.

•Project completion debriefing documents produced by the COR will be a primary source of data for the CRMP review.

•These documents are compiled from documentation of cultural resources consultations, planning documents, and agreements compiled over the course of each project.

Zoning Code

COR planning staff conduct periodic reviews of the Zoning Code in response to changing conditions in the City or questions resulting from code administration.

•Updates to sections of the Zoning Code pertaining to cultural resources including archaeological sites and CORLs will be reviewed internally and discussed with community members including developers, architects, property owners, and affected Indian tribes.

•As part of the CRMP review process, the COR will discuss the Zoning Code requirements related to cultural resources including common issues and questions that arose during the permitting or inspection process to identify areas where the code language should be modified to clarify procedures.

•Proposed amendments will be presented to the Planning Commission for review and recommendation and to the City Council for review and decision.

Protocol Review

The CRMP’s protocols are intended to serve as living documents and will be updated through two mechanisms. A list of housekeeping type tasks will be logged and addressed annually.

•Fatal flaws can be addressed with immediacy (as needed).

•The Technical Committee (as described in Redmond Municipal Code Chapter 4.50 Technical Committee) will retain authority for both of these mechanisms following the City Council’s original action to adopt the CRMP’s policies and regulations.

Cultural Resources Management Map Tool Update Procedures

The cultural resources management map tool will be updated through two mechanisms:

•The COR receives cultural resources reports with the results of surveys that are not currently included in WISAARD. These will be added to a layer within the cultural resources management map tool when the final cultural resources report is received from the consultant. The update will be reflected in the cultural resource probability maps accordingly. Other layers will be updated by the COR GIS team.

•Annually, updates to the cultural resources management map tool shall be provided by the DAHP in coordination with the COR/DAHP data sharing agreement.

•The COR may also receive annual or periodic updates to the King County predictive model, an underlying mapping layer informing countywide areas of archaeological probability.