Abandoned Sign. Any sign that advertises a business, lessor, owner, product, service, or activity that is no longer located on the premises where the sign is displayed.

Abandonment, Nonconforming Use or Structure. All right to continue a nonconforming use is abandoned when the property owner (a) intends to abandon its right to continue the nonconforming use or structure, and (b) there is an overt act, or failure to act, on the part of the property owner which implies that the owner no longer claims or retains any interest in the right to continue the nonconforming use or structure.

Abut. To physically touch or border upon, or to share a common property line, but not overlap.

Access. Ingress and egress to and from premises, including ingress and egress to and from a public way and general road system.

Access, Primary. The principal ways or means of approach to provide most frequent vehicular or pedestrian access to a property.

Accessory Structure. A detached, subordinate structure, the use of which is clearly incidental and related to that of the principal structure or use of the land, and which is located on the same lot as that of the principal structure.

Accessory Use. A use customarily incidental to and on the same lot as the principal use of a building or operation and so necessary or commonly to be expected that it cannot be supposed that it was intended to be prohibited.

Adaptive Management. The modification of management practices to address changing conditions and new knowledge. Adaptive management is an approach that incorporates monitoring and research to allow projects and activities, including projects designed to produce environmental benefits, to go forward in the face of some uncertainty regarding consequences. The key provision of adaptive management is the responsibility to change adaptively in response to new understanding or information after an action is initiated. (SMP)

Administrative Services. The provision of services, such as financial planning, record keeping, personnel employment, logistics, strategic and organizational planning, support staffing, employment agencies, collection agencies, document preparation, telephone answering, telemarketing, court reporting, and steno typing. This definition also includes corporate headquarters and regional offices.

Administrator. Unless otherwise specified, the Administrator shall be the Director of Planning and Community Development or his/her designated representative.

Adult Arcade. A commercial establishment containing individual viewing areas or booths, where for any form of consideration, including a membership fee, one or more still or motion picture projectors, slide projectors, or other similar image- producing machines are used to show films, motion pictures, video cassettes, slides, or other visual representations that are distinguished or characterized by a predominant emphasis on matters depicting, describing, or simulating any specified sexual activities or any specified anatomical areas.

Adult Cabaret. A nightclub, bar, restaurant, tavern, or other similar commercial establishment, whether or not alcoholic beverages are served, that regularly features:

Adult Drive-In Theater. A drive-in theater used for presenting motion picture films, video cassettes, cable television, or any other such visual media distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matters depicting, describing or simulating any specified sexual activities or any specified anatomical areas. (The term “drive-in theater” as used in the Redmond Zoning Code is distinct from and is not intended to include the term “adult drive-in theater.”)

Adult Entertainment Facility. A commercial establishment defined herein as an adult arcade, adult cabaret, adult drive-in theater, adult motel, adult motion picture theater, adult retail store, adult sauna parlor, escort agency, nude or semi-nude model studio, or other adult entertainment facility.

Adult Family Home. The regular family abode of a person or persons who are providing personal care, room, and board under a license issued pursuant to RCW Chapter 70.128, to more than one but not more than four adults who are not related by blood or marriage to the person or persons providing the services; except that a maximum of six adults may be permitted if the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services determines that the home and the provider are capable of meeting standards and qualifications provided for by RCW Chapter 70.128.

Adult Motel. A hotel, motel, or similar commercial establishment which:

Adult Motion Picture Theater. An enclosed commercial establishment where, for any form of consideration, motion pictures, films, video cassettes, slides, or other similar visual media are regularly shown that are distinguished or characterized by a predominant emphasis on matters depicting, describing, or simulating any specified sexual activities or any specified anatomical areas.

Adult Retail Store. A commercial establishment, such as a bookstore, video store, or novelty shop, which as its principal business purpose offers for sale or rent, for any form of consideration, any one or more of the following:

Adult Sauna Parlor. A commercial sauna parlor which excludes any person by virtue of age from all or any portion of the premises.

Advanced Technology. See Professional Services.

Advertise. To give information about the type, product line, quality, or price of goods or services offered.

Advertising Copy. Any words, numbers, letters, figures, symbols, logos, trademarks, graphics, and/or written copy that promotes or identifies the sign user or any product or service that provides information about the sign user, the building or the products or services available.

Air Transportation. The provision of scheduled and nonscheduled air transportation for passengers or freight.

Alley. A vehicular passageway through the middle of a block providing access to the rear of lots or buildings.

Alphanumeric Building Identification Signage. Letters or numerals or a combination of both that provide building identification and contain no advertising copy (for example, an address or suite number).

Alteration, Nonconforming Structure. Any change or rearrangement in the foundation or supporting members of an existing nonconforming structure, such as bearing walls, columns, beams, or girders, as well as any change in the means of ingress or egress (except to accommodate persons with disabilities).

Alteration, Sign. Any change of copy, sign face, color, size, shape, illumination, position, location, construction, or supporting structure of any sign.

Amateur Radio Tower. A tower with antenna(s) which transmit and receive noncommercial communication signals, and is defined as an amateur radio tower by the Federal Communications Commission. Guy wires for amateur radio antenna(s) are considered part of the structure for the purposes of meeting development standards.

Ambulatory or Outpatient Services. The furnishing of health care services directly to patients without providing inpatient services. Establishments providing ambulatory or outpatient services include, but are not limited to, clinics (e.g., physician offices, dentists, chiropractors, optometrists, etc.), family planning and outpatient care centers, medical and diagnostic laboratories, medical diagnostic and short-term treatment facilities where treatment lasts less than 24 hours are permitted, and blood and organ banks.

Amended Soils. Amended soils are an integrated stormwater management practice that improves the hydrologic function of soils by amending native soils with organic matter during the development process. For technical information regarding the design and engineering of amended soils, applicants may refer to the Department of Ecology Stormwater Manual Sections 10.5.5.3 and 10.5.5. This term is also commonly known as compost-amended soils.

Amusement or Theme Park Establishment. An establishment that operates attractions, such as mechanical rides, water rides, games, shows, theme exhibits, refreshment stands, and picnic grounds.

Amusement, Sports, or Recreation Establishment. An establishment that operates facilities offering activities (i.e., sports, recreation, or amusement) and that provides services, such as facilitating amusement in places operated by others or operating recreational sports groups. This definition includes games arcades, miniature golf establishments, marinas or yacht clubs, fitness and athletic clubs, bowling alleys, billiard rooms, skating rinks, and other similar facilities. This definition does not include golf courses and amusement or theme park establishments, which are separately defined in this Code.

Anadromous Fish. Fish that spawn and rear in freshwater and mature in the marine environment.

Animal Kennel/Shelter. A kennel or shelter shall be any outdoor or indoor facility, which houses four or more small domestic animals (that number not including one unweaned litter) for periods longer than 24 hours as a commercial venture, as a nonprofit organization, or for a governmental purpose. The facility may either be a separate business or an accessory use.

Animated Sign. Any sign with scrolling copy or illustrations, flashing or blinking lights, any showing of motion or the illusion of motion, or that revolves, rotates, or turns.

Antenna(s). Means an apparatus designed for the purpose of emitting radiofrequency (RF) radiation, to be operated or operating from a fixed location pursuant to FCC authorization, for the provision of personal wireless service and any commingled information services. For purposes of this definition, the term antenna does not include an unintentional radiator, mobile station, or device authorized under Part 15 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations. Types of antenna(s) include, but are not limited to:

Antenna Array. A single or group of antenna elements and associated mounting hardware, feed lines, or other appurtenances that may share a common attachment device such as a mounting frame or mounting support structure for the sole purpose of transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves.

Antenna Support Structure. A vertical projection composed of metal or other material with a foundation that is designed for the express purpose of accommodating antennas at a desired height. Types of support structures include the following:

Applicant. The person, party, firm, corporation, or other entity that proposes any activity that could affect a critical area.

Appurtenance. For the purposes of the Shoreline Master Program, uses typically associated with single-family residences, such as a garage, deck, driveway, utilities, fences, installation of a septic tank and drain field, and grading which does not exceed 250 cubic yards and which does not involve placement of fill in any wetland or waterward of the ordinary high water mark. An appurtenance is necessarily connected to the use and enjoyment of a single-family residence and is located landward of the ordinary high water mark and the perimeter of a wetland. (SMP)

Aquaculture. The cultivation of fish, shellfish, and/or other aquatic animals or plants, including the incidental preparation of these products for human use. (SMP)

Aquatic. Those areas waterward of the ordinary high water mark. (SMP)

Aquifer. A body of soil or rock that contains sufficient saturated material to conduct groundwater and yield useable quantities of groundwater to springs and wells.

Aquifer Recharge Area. Areas where water infiltrates into the subsurface and travels downward through the soil to a ground water aquifer.

Archeological Feature. A human modification of the landscape or a concentration of artifacts that reflects human use or activity that is at least 50 years old.

Area, Waterfront Lot. The area landward of the line of ordinary high water mark on Lake Sammamish, regardless of the extent of ownership; or the area landward of the ordinary high water mark along streams.

Arterial. A right-of-way that serves as a distributor of traffic. Arterials are delineated as principal and minor depending upon intensity of use. Principal arterials, for example, connect major activity areas and move traffic from community to community. (SMP)

Articulation. Articulation is the giving of emphasis to architectural elements (like windows, balconies, entries, etc.) that create a complimentary pattern or rhythm, dividing the large buildings into smaller identifiable pieces.

Artificially Created Wetland. Wetlands created from non-wetland sites through purposeful, legally authorized human action, such as irrigation and drainage ditches, grass-lined swales, canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, and landscape amenities.

Associations, Nonprofit Organizations, Etc. Civic, professional, social, trade, and other similar organizations. This definition includes labor organizations, political organizations, business associations, and professional membership organizations, and civic, social, and fraternal organizations.

Athletic Club or Fitness Center. An establishment that operates fitness and recreational sports facilities, such as weight training facilities, aerobic exercise rooms, handball and squash courts, and similar indoor facilities.

Automobile Parking Facilities. Surface lots or structures designed and built for the parking of motor vehicles.

Automobile Sales, Rental, or Service Establishment. An establishment engaging in the retail sale, rental, or lease of new or used vehicles, or in the retail sale, rental, or lease of vehicles in combination with repair and maintenance services and the sale of replacement parts and accessories. This definition includes the sale, rental, lease, or service of cars, trucks, truck tractors, semi-trailers, buses, mobile homes, utility trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs), bicycles, motorcycles, all terrain vehicles (ATVs), boats, personal watercraft, outboard motors, boat trailers, aircraft, railroad cars, and similar vehicles.

Average Grade Level. The average of the natural or existing topography of the portion of the lot, parcel, or tract of real property which will be directly under the proposed building or structure. In the case of structures to be built over water, average grade level shall be the elevation of the ordinary high water mark. Calculation of the average grade level shall be made by averaging the ground elevations at the midpoint of all exterior walls of the proposed building or structure. (SMP)

Average Gross Floor Area. The gross floor area of a building divided by the number of floors.

Awning Sign. A temporary or permanent roof-like protective covering constructed of metal or wood or other material supported by a rigid material extending from all or a portion of a building, such as a door, entrance, window, or outdoor service area, and supported entirely or in part by the exterior wall of the building. A sign on an awning shall be considered to be a wall sign.